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Maturity model An approach to understand the current capabilities, processes and behaviours deployed in the management of projects and to identify a structured path to increase the predictability of success. The beginning of a project at which point certain management activities are requiredto ensure that the project is established with clear reference terms and adequate management structure. Host organisation The organisation that provides the strategic direction of the project, programme or portfolio and is the primary investor and recipient of benefits. Dynamic systems development method (DSDM) A non-proprietary, agile development method for developing business solutions within tight timeframes, commonly used in IT projects.

The energy stored under the United States alone is enough to produce 10 times as much electricity as coal currently can. While some nations, such as Iceland, have easy-to-access geothermal resources, it is a resource that is reliant on location for ease of use, and to be fully ‘green’ the drilling procedures need to be closely monitored. A smart city should provide an urban environment that delivers a high quality of life to residents while also generating economic growth. This means delivering a suite of joined-up services to citizens with reduced infrastructure costs. A smart city uses information and communication technology (ICT) to improve operational efficiency, share information with the public and provide a better quality of government service and citizen welfare. This allows you to gather information from a smaller part of the population, i.e. the sample, and make accurate statements by using statistical analysis.

And we will continue to promote and enhance multistakeholder processes for the governance of the internet, including ICANN and at the Internet Governance Forum (IGF). Global governance of cyberspace and the internet is protecting UK interests and values, with the UK and our partners having greater influence over the development and implementation of international governance and standards frameworks. We will take a more progressive and proactive approach to shaping the frameworks that govern cyberspace to promote global economic growth and security. We will design and deliver practical steps that unblock the international debate on the application of rules, norms and principles in cyberspace and move it towards a consensus on effective constraints on destructive and destabilising activity. Global digital technical standards in priority areas for the UK that are shaped more effectively by democratic values, cyber security considerations and UK research and innovation in emerging technologies. We will work with industry, academia, technical experts and civil society in areas such as internet protocols, future networks and Artificial Intelligence (AI), to raise awareness of important public policy considerations in technical standards development.

• In a more personal context, you might encounter "just checking in" as part of a longer phrase such as "I’m just checking in to see how you’re doing".
• Positivity bias is phenomenon that occurs when a person judges individual members of a group positively, even when they have negative impressions or judgments of the group as a whole.
• These factors range from the interviewer’s perceived social position or appearance to the the phrasing of questions in surveys.
• Readily replenished, these energy sources are not just good for the environment, but are also leading to job creation and look set to become economically viable as developments continue.
• You should then give it to someone else, e.g. one of your fellow students, to read carefully and check for any errors in content, style, structure and layout.

The UK is more successful at translating research into innovation and new companies in the areas of technology most vital to our cyber power. We will support academics across the UK to commercialise and operationalise their research by adopting a more challenge-based approach in collaboration with industry partners. This will identify ideas with the highest potential and stimulate investment from funders. And we will build on the approach set out in the Innovation Strategy, supporting the development of more established ecosystems around key technologies, ensuring that the UK’s advantage is more robust and difficult to copy. Government is better able to analyse new and developing science and technology and understand the implications for UK cyber policy and strategy.

Although the interviewer may ask a wide range of questions, the interviewing style must not be unfair or oppressive. The interviewer should act in accordance with the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) and the PACE codes of practice. See principle 2 for further information regarding equality and human rights considerations.

• In an organization, backups may be performed on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis.
• These platforms can be exploited to spread fake news (fintnews.com) and narratives that are polarizing, divisive, and anti-liberal because they lack the fact-checking found in traditional media outlets.
• Audit A means to provide assurance that enables the sponsor to have confidence that the governance is working and that the project is being managed as intended.

A recent example of this destabilizing effect, which resulted in regime change, is the 2011 revolution in Egypt that culminated in President Hosni Mubarak’s ouster. It can also be measured through gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, GDP growth, and trade indicators because states with higher economic development enjoy larger pools of resources from which to extract taxes. We demonstrate that this can produce valuable insights about the economic activity of the UK businesses and plan to use these methods in further research into business classifications using richer sources of data. In general, these methods will be useful in any context when processing large amounts of documents and when looking to discover relationships and patterns in the data. Pearson may offer opportunities to provide feedback or participate in surveys, including surveys evaluating Pearson products, services or sites. It is also the beginning of a conversation that we want to continue, to ensure our objectives and priorities remain relevant over the next five to ten years.

It’s important to make sure everyone has up-to-date knowledge and skills and understands how child protection works in your organisation. The applicant will usually know about any information revealed during the course of a vetting or barring check. You should discuss any concerns with them as part of the risk assessment process. Decisions about whether or not to employ someone whose vetting checks raised concerns should be made on a case-by-case basis.

• The 1970 British Cohort Study, which has collected data on the lives of 17,000 Brits since their births in 1970, is one well-known example of a longitudinal study.
• Strategic management The identification, selection and implementation of an organisation’s long- term goals and objectives.
• Whenever possible, have the customer verify the solution and system functionality.
• Risk The potential of a situation or event to impact on the achievement of specific objectives.

Prosecution – has a fuller and more accurate picture of, for example, the offender’s criminal history when considering the public interest test, bail decisions, bad character, level of danger, and what information to give the court. Investigators should recognise the positive impact of an early admission in the context of the criminal justice system. Interviewers should think about what they want to achieve by interviewing the victim, witness or suspect, and set objectives which will help to corroborate or disprove information already known.

Cross-sectional studies cannot establish a cause-and-effect relationship or analyse behaviour over a period of time. To investigate cause and effect, you need to do a longitudinal study or an experimental study. The 1970 British Cohort Study, which has collected data on the lives of 17,000 Brits since their births in 1970, is one well-known example of a longitudinal study. A correlation reflects the strength and/or direction of the association between two or more variables.

All of these threats can impact the availability of services that people rely on, or the confidentiality or integrity of data and information that passes through those systems. The foundations of our approach to countering the threat are in promoting cyber resilience as outlined earlier in this document. This chapter focuses on how we will raise the costs and risks of attacking the UK in cyberspace and ensure we achieve our full potential as a cyber power. We require government departments, the wider public sector and regulated operators of critical national infrastructure (CNI), to raise their standards and manage their risk more proactively. We expect large businesses and organisations, including providers of digital services and platforms to be more accountable for protecting their systems, services and customers as a core part of running their business.

• Each nation in the UK uses a different criminal records check process, but they are all aligned and recognise each other’s decisions.
• The actor was able to implant malicious code into an update file for the software, as far back as March 2020.
• Competitive tendering A formal procurement process whereby vendors or contractors are given an equal chance to tender for the supply of goods or services against a fixed set of rules.

It is also useful to explore business types by inferring a vector into the model; so for instance, if we are interested in renewable energy, we can create a vector of some key words and discover businesses close to that description. Pearson automatically collects log data to help ensure the delivery, availability and security of this site. Log data may include technical information about how a user or visitor connected to this site, such as browser type, type of computer/device, operating system, internet service provider and IP address. We use this information for support purposes and to monitor the health of the site, identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents and appropriately scale computing resources.

Solar power has now become affordable enough to be used for domestic purposes including garden lighting, although it is also used on a larger scale to power entire neighbourhoods. As a source of energy, green energy often comes from renewable energy technologies such as solar energy, wind power, geothermal energy, biomass and hydroelectric power. Each of these technologies works in different ways, whether that is by taking power from the sun, as with solar panels, or using wind turbines or the flow of water to generate energy. TWI has expertise in many of the underpinning technologies of a new smart future, including sensors, electrification and power generation solutions. Traffic monitoring systems are also in place in Dubai, which has telemedicine and smart healthcare solutions as well as smart buildings, utilities, education and tourism options.

• The value lies in how this technology is used rather than simply how much technology is available.
• The planned cost of work that should have been achieved according to the project baseline dates.
• Project team A set of individuals, groups and/or organisations responsible to the project manager for working towards a common purpose.
• China and Russia export their restrictive practices to other authoritarian states, helping them to adopt similar practices in their countries.

Project management team Members of the project team who are directly involved in its management. Project financing and funding The means by which the capital to undertake a project is initially secured and then made available at the appropriate time. Projects may be financed externally, funded internally or a combination of both.

Although this seems to be sufficient to produce meaningful document embeddings, to produce results with more confidence a large training set would be needed. With an insufficient amount of data to train with and poor preprocessing of the documents, this may not produce a sufficient result. Parameters can also be tuned with both dimensionality reduction and clustering algorithms too; t-SNE can be tuned to focus on local or global information and similarly, HDBSCAN can be tuned to ignore small clusters. If a cluster is too noisy, then the singular value decomposition of the cluster's document matrix may not be sufficiently representative as it may pick out a noisy vector. This is a consequence of the model not being well trained rather than using the SVD approach. First a Doc2Vec model was created using the full dataset of nearly 87,000 documents; that is, paragraphs describing businesses as described in section 2.

• A mission statement describes why your company exists and what it offers customers.
• Crypt-Key is the term used to describe the UK’s use of cryptography to protect the critical information and services on which the UK government, military and national security community rely, including from attack by our most capable adversaries.
• We have consolidated the UK’s reputation as a global leader in cyber security research, with 19 academic centres of excellence and 4 research institutes tackling our most pressing cyber security challenges.

Contractor A person, company or firm who holds a contract for carrying out the works and/or the supply of goods or services in connection with the project. Concurrent engineering The systematic approach to the simultaneous, integrated design of products and their related processes, such as manufacturing, testing and supporting. Complexity Relates to the degree of interaction of all the elements that make up a project, programme or portfolio and is dependent on such factors as the level of uncertainty, interaction between stakeholders and degree of innovation.

Replenishable resource A resource that when absent or used up, fresh supplies can be obtained. Reactive risk response An action or set of actions to be taken after a risk event has occurred. Rapid application development (RAD) A method of minimising the time necessary to complete development projects. Quality management A discipline for ensuring the outputs, benefits and the processes by which they are delivered, meet stakeholder requirements and are fit for purpose.

We will harden the digital environment, protecting citizens from cyber crime and fraud and placing more responsibility on manufacturers, retailers, service providers and the public sector to raise cyber security standards. We will drive up the level of private sector engagement and investment in cyber resilience by aligning regulations and incentives across the economy and providing more support. We will also focus more on supply chain risks, testing a range of interventions to help organisations manage the cyber security risks posed by their suppliers, and ensure that best practice filters down through the supply chain. Our activity in and in relation to cyberspace has enhanced global stability and protected the rules-based international system, open societies and democratic systems where they are being undermined.

Common knowledge encompasses information that the average educated reader would accept as true without needing the extra validation of a source or citation. However, you should be extra careful when deciding what counts as common knowledge. Consequences of academic dishonesty depend on the severity of the offence and your institution’s policy. They can range from a warning for a first offence to a failing grade in a course to expulsion from your university.